آیا کاربردهای حروف اضافه در زبان انگلیسی را می دانید؟ آیا می دانید کاربرد حرف اضافه on با حرف اضافه at چه میباشد؟ حروف اضافه در زبان انگلیسی جزو آن حوزه هایی است که همیشه حتی اشخاص که در آزمون های IELTS و TOEFL نمرات قابل قبولی را کسب کرده اند را با چالش های فراوانی روبرو میکند. حروف اضافه در زبان انگلیسی قبل از مکان و زمان برای زبان آموزان اهمیت بالایی دارد. معمولا اکثر زبان آموزان در استفاده از این حروف پیش از اسم ها مشکل دارند. همرا ما باشید در ادامه توضیحات و مثال هایی را در مورد حروف اضافه در اختیار شما قرار که کمک زیادی به یادگیری شما خواهد کرد.
سختی یادگرفتن حروف اضافه از بی قاعدگی اکثریت آنها ناشی می شود. چندان قانون مدار نیستند و عمومشان را باید بر اساس تجربه استفاده یاد بگیرید.
توصیه های لازم برای یادگیری حروف اضافه در زبان انگلیسی
- هر حرف اضافه ای را که با آن مواجه می شوید، در دیکشنری بیابید و مطالعه کنید.
- تا می توانید مطالعه کنید! خواندن متون انگلیسی شما را با دنیایی از حروف اضافه مواجه می کند که اگر این خواندن استمرار داشته باشد به مرور همه حروف اضافه را در ذهن شما ماندگار می کند.
Prepositions (حروف اضافه زمان)
حرف اضافه‌ی زمان، در حقیقت زمان و مدت زمانی که چیزی اتفاق افتاده (یا خواهد افتاد) را بیان میکند. سه حرف اضافه‌ی رایج در این گروه، at، in و on هستندکه معمولا هم توسط زبان‌آموزان به اشتباه به کار می‌روند. هر حرف اضافه در حقیقت به موضوع و محتوای خاصی اشاره میکند و بر همین اساس هم با یکدیگر تفاوت دارند. به یاد داشته باشید که یادگیری این حروف اضافه از اهمیت بسیار بالایی برخوردار میباشد.
مرتبط بخوانید : ربط دو جمله در انگلیسی
| Example | Usage | English |
| “On Tuesday, Dad went to the grocery store.” | days of the week | on |
| “Beth starts school in August.”
“In ۲۰۰۸, the U.S. held a presidential election.” “I would rather work on the project in the afternoon.” |
months, years, and specific times of day |
in |
| “Let’s meet at noon.”
“Chris arrived at one o’clock.” |
specific and short times of day | at |
| “He lived abroad for many years.” | durations of time | for |
| “We’re not supposed to study during class.”
|
simultaneous events | during |
| “She’s been waiting to hear back from the office since yesterday.” | a continuous event originating from a specific point in the past | since |
| “You must wake up by six o’clock tomorrow morning.” | a specific point in the future before which an event must be completed | by |
| “Daniel can’t sneak out of the house until his parents go to bed.” | a continuous event that will terminate at a specific point in the future | until |
| “The moon rose before sunset.” | something prior to a specific time or event | before |
| “Katrina made a promise to help out after work today.” | something following a specific time or event | after |
| “My watch says it’s 10 minutes to three right now.” | time in relation to the next hour of the day | to |
| “Ideally, the party would start no later than a quarter past eight.” | time in relation to the previous hour of the day | past |
Place Prepositions (Position and Direction) (حروف اضافه مکان و حرکت)
حرف اضافه‌ی مکان، مشخصا به مکان قرار گیری یک شخص یا شیء اشاره میکند. البته می‌تواند به محلی که یک حادثه در آن اتفاق افتاده (یا اتفاق میفتد) هم اشاره کرد.
| Example | Usage | English |
| in the bedroom, in Tehran
in the math book in my car, in a taxi in the picture, in the world |
room, building, street, town, country
book, paper etc. car, taxi picture, world |
in |
| at the door, at the station
at the table at a concert, at the party at the cinema, at school, at work |
meaning next to, by an object
for table for events place where you are to do something typical (watch a film, study, work) |
at |
| the picture on the wall
on the desk on the right on the second floor on the bus, on a plane on TV, on the radio |
attached
being on a surface for a certain side (left, right) for a floor in a house for public transport for television, radio |
on |
| § Tina is standing by / next to / beside the tree. | left or right of somebody or something | by, next to, beside |
| the cat is under the desk. | on the ground, lower than (or covered by) something else | under |
| the fish are below the surface | lower than something else but above ground | below |
| put your hand over your heart
over 20 years of age walk over the bridge climb over the gate |
covered by something else
meaning more than getting to the other side (also across) overcoming an obstacle |
over |
| a path above the river | higher than something else, but not directly over it | above |
| walk across the road
swim across the pool |
getting to the other side (also over)
getting to the other side |
across |
| drive through the tunnel | something with limits on top, bottom and the sides | through |
| go to the mall
go to Karaj / England go to bed |
movement to person or building
movement to a place or country for bed |
to |
| go into the class / the flat | enter a room / a building | into |
| go 4 steps towards the house | movement in the direction of something (but not directly to it) | towards |
| jump onto the table | movement to the top of something | onto |
| a book from the library | in the sense of where from | from |
سایر حروف اضافه مهم در زبان انگلیسی
| English | Usage | Example |
| from | who gave it | a gift from Sina |
| of | who/what does it belong to
what does it show |
a part of the book
a photo of Tehran |
| by | who made it | a book by Abbas Maroofi |
| on | walking or riding on horseback
entering a public transport vehicle |
on foot, on horseback
get on the bus |
| in | entering a car / Taxi | get in the car |
| off | leaving a public transport vehicle | get off the bus |
| out of | leaving a car / Taxi | get out of the taxi |
| by | rise or fall of something
travelling (other than walking or horse riding) |
prices have risen by 15 percent
by car, by bus |
| at | for age | he learned Italian at 34 |
| about | for topics, meaning what about | I was talking about Zahra |
امیدورام از این مقاله نهایت استفاده را برده باشید. برای شرکت در دوره های آموزش زبان انگلیسی موسسه آیلتسر کافیست با شماره های زیر تماس بگیرید.
